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Table 1 Comparison of the PRR between human and birds

From: Innate sensing of viruses by pattern recognition receptors in birds

Pattern recognition

Human

Origin of ligand

Chicken

Duck/Goose

Origin of ligand

receptor (PRR)

     

Membrane-bound PRR (TLR)

On plasma membrane

TLR1/6/10

Bacteria

TLR1La TLR1Lb

Not reported

Unknown; bacteria

TLR2

Bacteria; Fungus; Parasites; Virus

TLR2a TLR2b

Present in duck; Not reported in goose

Unknown; Bacteria

TLR4

Bacteria; Fungus; Parasites; Virus

Present

Present

Unknown

TLR5

Bacteria

Present

Not reported in duck; Present in goose

Bacteria

TLR11

Bacteria; Parasites

Absent

Not reported

Unknown

Absent

 

TLR15

Not reported in duck; Present in goose

Bacteria; Virus

In intracellular vesicles

TLR3

Virus

Present

Present in duck; Not reported in goose

Virus

TLR7

Virus

Present

Present

Virus

TLR8

Virus

Pseudogene

TLR9

Virus; Bacteria; Parasites

Absent

Absent

 

TLR21

Not reported

Unknown

Cytoplasmic PRR

RLR

 

RIG-I

Virus

Absent

Present

Virus

MDA5

Virus

Present

Present

Virus

LGP2

Virus

Present

Present

Virus

NLR

NOD

NOD1

Bacteria

Present

Not reported

Unknown

NOD2

Bacteria

Absent

Not reported

Unknown