From: Innate sensing of viruses by pattern recognition receptors in birds
Viral sensing | Â | TLR3 | TLR7 | TLR15 | TLR21 | RIG-I | MDA5 (IFIH1) | LGP2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
receptors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Downstream Antiviral Genes |  | TypeIIFN (IFN-β) | IFNα, IL-1β, PKR, OAS (HPAIV-infected goose) | IL-1β | IL-1, IL-6 | IFN-β, IFN-stimulated antiviral genes | IFN-β | IFN-β |
Chicken | Genbank accession No. | NM_001011691; EF137861; DQ780341; JF273967; GU904961.1(emu); XM_002190852.1 (zebra finch). | NM_001011688; GU904977(emu); XM_002194896 (zebra finch). | NM_001037835.1; HM773174.1; HM773175.1; HM773176.1; DQ267901.1; JN544181.1; JN544182.1; JN544183.1; JN544184.1; JN544185.1; JN544186.1; JN544187.1; JN544188.1; JN544189.1; | JQ042910.1; JQ042911.1; JQ042912.1; JQ042913.1; JQ042914.1; | Absent | NM_001193638; JN376086; AB371640; GU570144. | HQ845773 |
Ligand | dsRNA poly(I:C) | R848 Poly(U)RNA loxoribine | B- and C-type CpG ODNs | CpG ODNs | dsRNA poly(I:C) | dsRNA poly(I:C) | ||
Involved in virus infection | HPAI (H5N1) [37] LPAI (H7N1, H6N2) [45, 46] MD [43] IBD [44] | Not reported | HPAI [86] | |||||
Duck | Genbank accession No. | JQ910167 (muscovy duck) | DQ888644 (mallard) | Not reported | Not reported | EU363349 (mallard) | GU936632 (mallard) | Not reported |
Ligand | dsRNA poly(I:C) | ssPolyU/Lyove loxoribine imiquimod | 5′ppp RNA | Unknown | ||||
Involved in virus infection | HPAI (H5N1) [21] | Unknown | ||||||
Goose | Genbank accession No. | Not reported | JQ910168 | JQ014619.1 | Not reported | HQ829831 (domestic goose) | Not reported | Not reported |
Ligand | Not reported | Not reported | 5′ppp RNA | |||||
Involved in virus infection | HPAI (H5N1) [26] | Not reported | ND [76] |