Table 1 Cellular markers of chicken skin
Cell layers of the skin | Cellular markers | Functions |
|---|---|---|
Dermis | Fibronectin | Glycoprotein which contributes to extracellular matrix organization and favors cell adherence |
Basal membrane | Laminin | Protein complex, an essential component from the basal membrane, which constitutes a molecular filter |
Basal layer of epidermis | Basonuclin 2 | Nuclear protein with zinc fingers, transcription factor which maintains the proliferative ability and prevents the terminal differentiation |
Keratin 5 (KRT5) | α-keratin type II, intermediate filament of proliferating keratinocytes, associated to KRT14 | |
Keratin 14 (KRT14) | α-keratin type I, intermediate filament of proliferating keratinocytes, associated to KRT5 | |
Intermediate layer of epidermis | Transglutaminase 5 | Calcium dependent-enzyme involved in the first differentiation steps of the epidermis |
Desmoglein 2 | Cadherin playing a role in the formation of desmosomes, that connect together epithelial cells | |
Transitional layer of epidermis | Keratin 75 (KRT 75) | α-keratin type IIB, marker from the terminal differentiation of the keratinocytes |
Keratin 10 (KRT10) | α-keratin type I, marker from the terminal differentiation of the keratinocytes, associated to keratin 1 | |
Cornified layer of epidermis | Involucrin | Precursor protein from the corneocyte envelope |
Filaggrin | Basic protein associated to keratin filaments of the cornified layer | |
Loricrin | Precursor protein from the corneocyte envelope |