Figure 8

H5N1 HPAIV NS1 interferes with antiviral molecules, proinflammatory cytokines and RLR induction. The DEF cells were cotransfected with pCAGGS-MDA5-CARD and with pCAGGS-DK212-NS1 or with the empty plasmid. The control group was only transfected with pCAGGS. After 24 h quantitative real-time PCR tests of antiviral molecules (OAS, PKR and Mx), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-α and IFN-γ) and RLR (RIG-I and LGP2) were performed. *The difference (P < 0.05) between the experimental and control group. Error bars indicate standard deviations.