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Table 1 Histopathological (HE) and immunohistochemical (IHC) results from vaccinated falcons and non-vaccinated controls infected with WNV lineage 1 NY’99

From: DNA vaccines encoding the envelope protein of West Nile virus lineages 1 or 2 administered intramuscularly, via electroporation and with recombinant virus protein induce partial protection in large falcons (Falco spp.)

Grp

ID

Dpi

Brain

Heart

Spleen

Inject.

Vacc.

Others

   

HE

IHC

HE

IHC

IHC

IHC

Qual

Deg

Art

PALS

Neu

Nep

Hep

Ent

Pan

Ser

Sep

A

F25

20

2

0

1

0

0

1

-

0

1

0

0

0

0

1 c

0

0

0

F26

8*

2

1

0

1

0

1

-

0

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

F28

21

2

0

1

0

0

0

-

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

F29

4*

0

0

0

0

0

1

-

0

0

2

0

0

0

3 h

0

0

0

F30

19

2

1

0

0

0

0

-

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

B

F31

21

2

0

0

0

0

0

Nsp.

1

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

F32

19

2

0

1

0

0

0

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

F33

21

1

0

1

0

0

0

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

1 c

0

0

0

F34

20

1.5

0

0

0

0

0

-

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F35

19

0

0

0

0

0

0

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

C

F49

20

2.5

0

0

0

0

0

Nsp.

0.5

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F50

20

3

0

0.5

0

0

0

-

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F52

19

0.5

0

0

0

0

0

Fol.

0

0

0

0

0

1 c

0

0

0

F53

19

0

0

0

0

1

0

Fol.

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

F54

21

2

1

1

1

0

0

-

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

D

F56

19

1

0

0

0

0

0

-

0

0

0

1

0

1

1 c

0

0

0

F57

21

2.5

0

0

0

0

0

Fol.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

F58

21

2

0

10

0

0

0

Gran.

3

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

F59

18*

2

3

1.5

0

0

0

Nsp.

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F60

20

1.5

0

1.5

0

0

0

Gran.

2

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

E

F13

19

2

0

0.5

0

0

0

ND

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F24

20

2

1

2

0

0

0

ND

2

0

1

0

1

0

1.5

1

0

F27

14*

1.5

1

3

0

0

1

ND

0

0

1

1.5

0

1

0

0

0

F36

20

1.5

0

1

0

0

0

ND

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F42

5*

1

0

0

0 p

1

2

ND

0

3

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

F43

20

1.5

0

2

1

1

1

ND

0

0

1

0

0

1

1.5

0

0

F51

8*

0.5

0

0

1

3

2

ND

0

3

0

1.5 u

1

0

0

0

0

F55

3*

0

0

0

1

0

3

ND

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

  1. Unspecific findings seen in most of the 28 challenged animals included a pale (26/28) and enlarged spleen (24/28) with severe lymphoid depletion (20/28) and a marked lymphcytolysis in the remaining follicles (20/28), bloated foamy macrophages in spleen (23/28) and in liver (27/28) which shows also an extramedullary hematopoiesis (24/28).
  2. Abbreviations: Grp (group); ID (identification number); Dpi (days post infection); * (died/euthanized before end of the trial); Inject. (virus injection site); Vacc. (vaccination site); HE (hematoxylin and eosin stain); IHC (immunohistochemistry); Qual (quality); Deg (degree); Art (arteriitis); PALS (periarteriolar lymphoid sheat); Neu (neuritis); Nep (nephritis); Hep (hepatitis); Ent (enteritis); Pan (pancreatitis); Ser (serositis); Sep (septicemia); Nsp. (non-suppurative inflammation); Fol. (follicular aggregated mononuclear cells); Gran. (granulomatous inflammation); p (petechia); u (uratnephritis); c (detection of coccidial parasites); h (hemorrhagic).
  3. The numbers for HE examination indicate a weak (0.5), mild (1), mild to moderate (1.5), moderate (2), moderate to severe (2.5) and severe (3) alteration. The score for IHC indicate no positive cells (0), ≤1% positive (1), >1% and ≤5% positive (2) and >5% positive tissue structures (3).