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Table 1 Safety

From: Oral vaccination of dogs: a well-studied and undervalued tool for achieving human and dog rabies elimination

Vaccine

Nb dogs

Age

Dog characteristics

Country

Administration

Dose per animal

Observation period (days)

Rabies virus positive at the end of the trial

Source

Brains

Salivary glands

Salivary swabs

SAG2

6

 

Laboratory dogs

 

Oral instillation

108.5 TCID50

3–35

0

 

0

[13]

 

6

 

Laboratory dogs

 

Brachial nerve plexus

108.5 TCID50

3–35

0

 

0

 

SAG2

21

< 3 months (N = 10

3–12 months (N = 3)

> 1 year (N = 8)

Indigenous dogs

Tunisia

Oral instillation

109.5 TCID50

90 or 180

0

0

 

[34]

SAG2

4

6–12 months

Laboratory dogs

India

DBL2 bait

108.5 TCID50

219

0

0

 

[24]

 

5 (immuno depressed)

6–12 months

Laboratory dogs

 

DBL2 bait

108.5 TCID50

219

0

0

  
 

3

6–12 months

Laboratory dogs

 

Control

219

0

0

  

SAG2

5

Adult

Laboratory beagles

CDC, US

Rabigen Oral

108.2 TCID50

42–49

0

  

[23]

 

3

Adult

Laboratory beagles

 

Rabigen Oral

107.5 TCID50

42–49

0

   
 

5

Adult

Laboratory beagles

 

Rabigen Oral

107.4 TCID50

42–49

0

   
 

5

Adult

Laboratory beagles

 

DBL2 bait

108.3 TCID50

42–49

0

   
 

4

Adult

Laboratory beagles

 

DBL2 bait

107.2 TCID50

42–49

0

   
 

4

Adult

Laboratory beagles

 

DBL2 bait

106.9 TCID50

42–49

0

   

SAG2

10

7–10 weeks

Indigenous dogs

South Africa

IM

109.0 TCID50

120

0

0

8/10: positive 1 h post-admin, but not later

[36]

 

10

7–10 weeks

Indigenous dogs

South Africa

Oral instillation

109.0 TCID50

120

0

0

7/10:positive 1 h post-admin, but not later

 
 

1

7–10 weeks

Indigenous dogs

South Africa

Contact control

120

0

0

  

SAD B19

8

< 10 weeks

Free-roaming indigenous dogs

Turkey

Oral instillation

2.4 × 107 PFU

40–81

0

  

[35]

 

2

< 10 weeks

  

Parenteral

2.4 × 107 PFU

27–28

0

   
 

12

< 10 weeks

  

Oral instillation

4.2 × 108 PFU

24–97

0

   
 

6

< 10 weeks

  

Parenteral

108 PFU

30–69

0

   

SAD B19

4

6 months

Free-roaming indigenous dogs

Turkey

IC

2.5 × 107 PFU (4th passage IC in foxes)

40

   

[35]

V-RG

6

 

Indigenous dogs

Tunisia

Oral instillation

108.5 TCID50

123

   

[78]

 

6

   

Oral instillation

109.5 TCID50

123

    

VRC-RZ2

6

3–12 months

Indigenous dogs

Kazakhstan

Bait

107.7 TCID50

20

  

0/6 tested 5 and 10 days post-adm

[33]

  1. DBL2: dog bait lyophilized (freeze-dried SAG2 bait), IC: intracerebrally, IM: intramuscularly, PFU: plaque forming units, TCID50: median tissue culture infectious doses.