Administration of probiotics influences F4 (K88)-positive enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli attachment and intestinal cytokine expression in weaned pigs

Daudelin, Jean-François; Lessard, Martin; Beaudoin, Frédéric; Nadeau, Éric; Bissonnette, Nathalie; Boutin, Yvan; Brousseau, Jean-Philippe; Lauzon, Karoline; Fairbrother, John Morris

doi:10.1186/1297-9716-42-69

Veterinary Research

Table 4 Cytokines mRNA expression levels normalized to ACTB in non-challenged and 24 hpc ETEC F4 pigs treated with probiotics or antibiotics¹.

From: Administration of probiotics influences F4 (K88)-positive enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli attachment and intestinal cytokine expression in weaned pigs

Gene	Mean cytokine mRNA expression level in the ileum					P-value
	CTRL	ATB	PA	SCB	PA + SCB	T	Ch	T×Ch
*IL-6* (10 ^-4 )
24 hpc	0.9^ac [0.3-3.1]	1.1^ac [0.3-3.6]	3.5^d [1.1-11.3]	0.6 [0.2-1.9]	3.9^b [1.2-12.7]	0.33	0.47	0.29
Not Ch	0.8 [0.2-3.2]	1.7 [0.4-7.4]	0.9 [0.2-3.8]	1.2 [0.3-5.0]	1.2 [0.3-5.0]
*TNF-α-* (10 ^-3 )
24 hpc	1.28^c [0.38-4.32]	2.94 [0.94-9.19]	3.87 [1.24-12.09]	1.65 [0.49-5.56]	5.28^d [1.69-16.48]	0.24	0.59	0.85
Not Ch	1.59 [0.46-5.52]	4.40 [1.10-17.52]	4.53 [1.31-15.73]	3.04 [0.88-10.54]	3.03 [0.87-10.51]
*pBD-2*
24 hpc	0.025^c [0.013-0.05]	0.045 [0.024-0.085]	0.053^d [0.028-0.1]	0.05 [0.025-0.1]	0.041 [0.021-0.077]	0.33	0.83	0.88
Not Ch	0.027^c [0.01-0.068]	0.040 [0.015-0.11]	0.034 [0.013-0.088]	0.065^d [0.026-0.17]	0.043 [0.017-0.11]
*IL-12p35*
24 hpc	0.018^c [0.007-0.046]	0.029 [0.012-0.069]	0.059^d [0.025-0.142]	0.017 [0.006-0.042]	0.027 [0.011-0.065]	0.31	0.59	0.65
Not Ch	0.011 [0.003-0.038]	0.033 [0.008-0.13]	0.022 [0.006-0.074]	0.025 [0.007-0.085]	0.025 [0.007-0.091]
*IL-8*
24 hpc	11.59 [1.29-104,14]	16.86 [2.12-133.91]	6.46 [0.81-51.3]	6.41 [0.71-57.63]	10.08 [1.27-80.04]	0.48	0.003	0.68
Not Ch	0.59^a [0.08-4.47]	3.79^b [0.44-32.9]	1.62 [0.21-12.36]	3.12^b [0.41-23.73]	3.55^b [0.44-28.63]
*IFN-γ-* (10 ^-4 )
24 hpc	0.6 [0.1-2.7]	0.9 [0.2-3.7]	0.4 [0.1-1.7]	0.9 [0.2-3.7]	1.6 [0.4-6.6]	0.26	0.07	0.88
Not Ch	2.9 [0.6-13.5]	1.8 [0.3-9.2]	0.7 [0.2-3.5]	1.2 [0.3-5.7]	3.0 [0.6-14.1]
*IL-10*
24 hpc	0.2 [0.05-0.77]	0.29 [0.08-1]	0.22 [0.06-0.77]	0.09 [0.02-0.32]	0.45 [0.13-1.57]	0.39	0.85	0.47
Not Ch	0.15 [0.05-0.45]	0.38 [0.12-1.25]	0.13 [0.04-0.37]	0.25 [0.08-0.72]	0.24 [0.08-0.73]

¹Definition of acronyms: CTRL = No probiotic and no antibiotic; ATB = tiamulin and chlortetracycline; PA = P. acidilactici; SCB = S. cerevisiae boulardii; PA + SCB = a mixture of the two probiotics; IL = interleukin; IFN = interferon; TNF = tumor necrosis factor; pBD-2 = porcine β-defensin-2; COX-2 = cyclooxygenase-2; T = Treatment effect; Ch = ETEC challenge effect.
²Data are presented as the mean of target copy number/ACTB copy number with the range of values for a 95% confidence interval within brackets.
^{a, b}Means within rows are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).
^{c, d}Means within rows tend to be different (P ≤ 0.10).
Challenge group: n = 8/treatment, except for S. cerevisiae boulardii and CTRL group, n = 7.
Not challenged group: n = 8/treatment, except for ATB group, n = 7.

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ISSN: 1297-9716

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