A systematic review of mechanistic models used to study avian influenza virus transmission and control

Table 2 Model paradigm, epidemiological unit and transmission scale of the 46 articles included in the review.

Model paradigm	Pathotype	Epidemiological unit	Scale of transmission	References
Population-based model (n = 27)	HP	Administrative area (e.g., village, district, region, country…) (n = 4)	Between-areas (n = 4)	[37, 49, 51, 53]
		Farm (n = 7)	Between-farms (n = 7)	[39, 41, 43, 48, 68, 69, 72]
		Individual birds (n = 11)	Within-area (n = 5)	[44, 45, 52, 58, 66]
		Individual birds (n = 11)	Within-farm (n = 6)	[35, 57, 62, 64, 65, 73]
	LP	Individual birds (n = 3)	Within-area (n = 1)	[78]
	LP	Individual birds (n = 3)	Within-farm (n = 2)	[76, 77]
	LP and HP	Individual birds (n = 2)	Within-area (n = 2)	[79, 80]
Individual-based model (n = 19)^a	HP	Administrative area (e.g., village, district, region, country…) (n = 4)	Between-areas (n = 4)	[36, 40, 50, 55]
		Farm (n = 16)	Between-farms (n = 14)	[42, 46, 47, 50, 54,55,56, 59, 61, 63, 67, 70, 71, 75]
		Farm (n = 16)	Between-farms and between-areas (n = 2)	[38, 60]
		Individual birds (n = 1)	Within-farm and between-farms (n = 1)	[74]

^aThe total of individual-based models is not the sum of individual-based models with different epidemiological units because Pelletier et al. [50] and Rorres et al. [55] each developed two models, one using administrative area as the epidemiological unit and one using farm as the epidemiological unit.

ISSN: 1297-9716