Figure 4

DTMUV induces autophagy in Neuro-2a cells by activating the ERK/mTOR and AMPK/mTOR signalling pathways. A Uninfected Neuro-2a cells and Neuro-2a cells infected with DTMUV for 24 h, 36 h and 48 h. The phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, AMPK, AKT and mTOR were determined by Western blotting. B–D Uninfected Neuro-2a cells and Neuro-2a cells infected with DTMUV for 36 h after treatment with or without the ERK inhibitor U0126, AMPK inhibitor Compound C or AKT activator SC79. The expression levels of p-ERK, p-AMPK, p-AKT, LC3-II, and p-mTOR were evaluated by Western blotting. Band intensities were calculated and analysed using ImageJ software. The results are presented as the means ± SDs of three independent experiments. Significant differences were determined with one-way ANOVA. ns: not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.